🧠 Wisdom, Prudence, & ForesightThis group of sayings from 1 to 16 focuses on intelligence, common sense, careful planning, and the wisdom of compromise.

A jị ọịza dị a jị ọshịmị.
Translation
While hoping for the best, one must also prepare for the worst.
Moral
Temper your optimism with realism; always have a contingency plan.
Ịsa ana ma ka 'rẹyi ọ ma zẹ vịra fu ọza.
Translation
A silent problem should not outsmart a thinking person.
Moral
Apply your intelligence to solve challenges and don't be defeated by an inanimate thing.
Abaza ana zị ma, ọ ma zẹ dọ ọza uji vaka ẹdụ.
Translation
The cocoyam that fails to mature by harvest doesn't engage the hoe and basket.
Moral
Whatever fails expectation shouldn't be worthy of one's attention.
A kị a dụ ịrada na dị a vaka ọnyụụshẹ vẹ.
Translation
Chase away the wildcat before you scold the chicken for wandering.
Moral
Prioritize and neutralize a threat before dealing with secondary issues or assigning blame.
A kị asị ozi su, ụ kị o zi vene ada anị.
Translation
A child's life is at stake, and you are worried about his resemblance to the father?
Moral
Focus on what is most important and urgent; don't get distracted by trivial details during a crisis.
Ịrẹkụ ana ọza yẹ kị ọ vẹ, ọ ma zẹ za ọza.
Translation
One should not be caught unaware by the very war he was warned about.
Moral
Don't fail a test you were given all the tools to pass; heed warnings.
A zẹma be wara ụdẹ.
Translation
You cannot fry palm kernel oil in secret.
Moral
Do not attempt to hide an action when its consequences will inevitably expose you.
A zẹma nịta afụpa ịnị 'ẹsụ ịrẹda.
Translation
One does not gossip about the pouched rat while standing on its abode.
Moral
Be careful what you say when those you are speaking about are within earshot.
Angwẹ za vẹtẹ, a zẹzị ki a sị ọ chịnẹ irivu.
Translation
An abundance of oil is no excuse to waste it for frying toads.
Moral
Do not be wasteful, even in times of plenty. Prudence dictates that resources should not be spent on worthless ventures.
A shẹva yị ọza dị ọza a sha ana yị ịnị ịnẹ anị.
Translation
Even as the oracle is being consulted for you, you should also be consulting the great oracle within your own mind.
Moral
Listen to your own intuition and common sense; don't blindly follow the advice of others.
Apẹ ọnị ọza sị rị ịrẹta.
Translation
It is with tricks that one eats a stone.
Moral
Difficult, seemingly impossible problems are solved with intelligence and clever strategy.
Ọza ana ka asị o che neta dị o che ngwọ iri.
Translation
If you refuse to let a little spill, it will spill into your eyes.
Moral
Don't be so greedy or stingy that you refuse to make small sacrifices; it may lead to a much greater loss.
Ịsa ene me zi ọza, ọza ọnị o zi o.
Translation
We wait for that which cannot wait for us.
Moral
You must be prepared to make sacrifices and act decisively to seize a fleeting opportunity.
A zẹma zue ọpa ịnị ọkụshị ịrẹkụ.
Translation
You don't sharpen your spear on the day of the battle.
Moral
A diligent person is always prepared. Last-minute preparation is a recipe for failure.
Ọza a zị fụvị angwẹ rị ịsa, dị ọ fụvị anọ.
Translation
If a meal could be rejected because of the oil, it could at least also be accepted because of the salt.
Moral
Be willing to accept a situation, even if it's not perfect. Look for the redeeming quality or compromise for the greater good.
A zezi re ịrasha sị ụvọ ka, dị a sị ụvọ ka idunku.
Translation
Lacking a proper place to rest the hands, we place them on our knees.
Moral
We must make do with what we have; circumstances often force us to accept imperfect solutions.

⚖️ Action, Consequence, and AccountabilityThese proverbs from 17 to 28 address the direct link between one's actions and the outcomes, both good and bad, as well as the nature of justice and blame.

Ịshị ọza jị ịshị ọza ọnị ọ jị ayị ẹngụ anị.
Translation
The day you pass judgment on another, that same judgment becomes true for you.
Moral
Be careful how you judge others, as you may eventually be held to the same standard. (Often a warning against hypocrisy).
Emi ọwọwa ọnị ọ sị ọkụkụ dagụ.
Translation
It is the fresh faeces that makes the old, dried-up ones smell again.
Moral
A new misdeed will resurrect the memory and anger of past offences that were seemingly forgiven and forgotten.
Ọchụkụ ana za va tụ ọza anyị ọnrị uye ene neta.
Translation
The bone that will cost you a tooth should be discarded along with the meat.
Moral
Abandon a goal if the cost of achieving it is far greater than the reward itself.
A zị vị ịshị ịrẹpa za uye ọnị ọ vụ.
Translation
The prey does not rot on the same day the trap catches it.
Moral
Do not be relieved by the lack of immediate consequences for a misdeed; repercussions will surely come.
Ọza o me chema adaba tụra 'rẹsụ d' ọ gụ ịyẹyẹ.
Translation
One does not carry elephant meat on his head while chasing after a fly.
Moral
Do not risk a great possession or opportunity by getting distracted by trivial, worthless pursuits.
A zẹma wụ irenu ọza ọnya jị ịshị
Translation
One does not pass judgment after hearing only one side of the story.
Moral
True justice requires hearing from all involved parties before making a decision.
Ọza ana jị ụvọ ngwụ ụsị ọnị ẹwụ jị ịrẹrụ.
Translation
It is the person who sticks his hand in the hole who gets bitten by the python.
Moral
He who actively seeks out trouble is the most likely one to find it.
A nyịa atafụ dị a va rị ọ.
Translation
The palm nut must be cracked before the kernel can be chewed.
Moral
Success and reward only come after hard work and effort.
Isu ka ọnị ọ zị yara rị ọ dị ọnị sị anyị du o sha.
Translation
The rat says if it cannot eat a thing, it would rather shred it to pieces.
Moral
A malicious person, driven by spite, will destroy what they cannot have.
Irenu ọnị ọ dọ arịfẹ na yị ụtọ.
Translation
Wrong words from the mouth earn the cheek a slap.
Moral
Your words have consequences.
Ọza ọ zị yara e tu ogueyi d' ọ na sha iri.
Translation
If you beat a blind man without compassion, you may accidentally restore his sight.
Moral
An excessive or cruel action can provoke an unexpected and powerful reaction that negates your intent.
Ọza ana ngwemi shi oze vene shayị, ama ọza ana kwụ ọ me shayị.
Translation
The person who defecates on the path forgets, but the person who clears it does not.
Moral
The offender often forgets their transgression, but the victim who bears the consequence remembers the pain.

🤝 Social Wisdom and Human NatureThis section deals with the complexities of human relationships, community, betrayal, respect, and social etiquette.

E sune e re ẹtẹ
Translation
Tears do not blind the eyes.
Moral
Do not exploit someone's grief as a distraction; they are still aware of your actions.
E fu ekuese dị ịrẹsụ a zịị adụụshẹ.
Translation
When the quail is being roasted for a meal, the guinea fowl develops headache.
Moral
When danger befalls someone like you, you should be concerned for your own safety. What affects one can affect all.
Eku ze ku ịnị abara dị ọ vara ọza.
Translation
If the masquerade stays too long in the village square, he is soon unmasked as a mere human.
Moral
Familiarity breeds contempt. Do not overstay your welcome, or you will lose your respect and mystique.
Ịrẹta 'reshi ọ ma vị ayị.
Translation
The household grindstone is regarded never to grind the flour well.
Moral
People often undervalue or ignore the worth of those they are familiar with (a prophet is not honored in his own home).
Anya yị ịnị ịnẹ dị a jatẹ ọvụọvụ.
Translation
We have red blood inside, yet we spit white saliva.
Moral
For the sake of peace and society, we do not reveal every secret we hold inside.
Ọza ọ ma nyị ọza tụ ịnị 'ẹsụ ọchị ẹsha dị o re ụbẹbẹ.
Translation
One shouldn't have a relative at the top of a cherry tree and still be condemned to eat unripe cherries.
Moral
There is no value of friendship or connections if they confer no benefits to you?
Ọchị epefu za sị gọdọ fu ọza ana chire dị ọ sị ụvọ ya chi.
Translation
If the okra plant grows taller than the farmer, it will be bent forcefully to be harvested.
Moral
Do not become arrogant towards your benefactor; showing contempt for the one who raised you will lead to your downfall.
Ọza o me fu ịrafọnọ yị ọza anị ịrẹsụ a zịị.
Translation
You cannot take medicine for another person's headache.
Moral
You cannot be more concerned about a person's problem than they are themselves.
Evina za vụẹtẹ yị ọza dị ọ sị ọ kuoku ụvọ.
Translation
If your slice of yam is beautifully white, cover it with your palm.
Moral
Do not flaunt your good fortune; protect it from the envious eyes of others.
A tọ ọ yị ọza, a zẹma bere ọza mụnẹ.
Translation
Food can be chewed for you, but it cannot be swallowed for you.
Moral
People can help you only so far; you must take the final, decisive step yourself.
Anava irenu ọ ma jantụ vị.
Translation
A wound in the mouth does not heal quickly.
Moral
A deep insult or hurtful words are not easily forgotten or forgiven.
A zị vị ịta bo ana gara tụ ịnị ọyị.
Translation
One does not dry all of the household's clothes in the sun.
Moral
Do not reveal all your secrets or expose all your vulnerabilities to the public.
Ọza o ọza ọnị ọ kwụ ọza afụ na yị anẹshẹ.
Translation
It is much easier for an insider to precipitate your downfall than an outsider.
Moral
Betrayal and the most damaging exposure often come from those closest to you.
Ịnị 'enu ene ye re ịrẹka.
Translation
It is from your own words that the strength of your argument is judged.
Moral
A liar will eventually expose himself through his own inconsistent words.
Ọza o me ne ịrẹta shi ireshi ọnị ọ va na nyị ose.
Translation
You do not throw stones at the house from which you intend to take a wife.
Moral
Do not insult, attack, or disrespect the very people or places from which you hope to gain a favour.
Ozi irezi ka a gẹ a vụrẹvụ dị a gẹ a jẹngụ ku ẹtẹ ọnị irenyi ye shine.
Translation
The puppy says a playful fight is only fun if everyone agrees to take turns falling.
Moral
Friendship and cooperation endure only when there is mutual respect, support, and a willingness to compromise.

🎭 Reality, Perception, and CharacterThese following Etuno sayings explore the nature of a person, the difference between appearance and reality, and self-awareness (or lack thereof).

Ara ọnị a sị mọrọ isu.
Translation
Sleep is a small preview of death.
Moral
We learn about unknown things by observing smaller, similar situations.
A nyị ibe a nyị ọpavụ.
Translation
When you have a forehead, the back of the head naturally follows.
Moral
Certain things are inextricably linked; you cannot have one without the other. (Two sides of the same coin).
Ọza o me chirenya dị ọ sị ịka tụẹshẹ.
Translation
You cannot pretend to be hiding when your back is clearly visible.
Moral
Your attempts to deceive others are often far more transparent than you think.
Iriku ene re shangwa ẹzụ.
Translation
It is the sight of the dense forest that adds to the leopard's fearsomeness.
Moral
A person's power is often magnified by the strength and reputation of those who support them.
Ịnị ẹtẹtẹ ọnị ozi irezi ya kara oomu.
Translation
A puppy learns to curl its tail from a young age.
Moral
Bad habits are formed early in life. If a trait is undesirable, it must be corrected at the very beginning.
Ọwọza ọ ma navọ kị ịfọ ọ jị ọnị ọbẹ.
Translation
The killer hates the feel of a knife on his own neck.
Moral
Those who enjoy inflicting pain on others are often so scared of pain themselves.
A zẹma yẹ oshi ana wụ isi.
Translation
One cannot tell which single broomstick from the bunch will kill the fly.
Moral
Do not underestimate anyone or anything; even the seemingly insignificant can have a great impact.
A shị ọza dị a yẹ ka ogutọ ọ vị.
Translation
A person must first be called before you can declare them deaf.
Moral
Give everyone the benefit of the doubt. Do not judge someone as defiant or incapable until you have tested them.
Ọza o me tu ịya 'renu anị jẹfụ.
Translation
The pounded yam meant for your own consumption is never poorly pounded.
Moral
People always apply their best effort when working for their own direct benefit; self-interest ensures quality.